Uhereye ku bwiza bw'ikarito isukuye irashobora kugaragara imbaraga z'umusaruro. Ikarito yerekana amakarito yumurongo nkibikorwa byambere byo gukora ibisanduku bikonjeshejwe, igiciro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa bigira ingaruka zingenzi, ariko kandi inzira zose zibyara umusaruro mubihinduka binini, bigoye cyane kugenzura ihuza, gusa bikemura muburyo bwiza, imashini, ibikoresho, uburyo, ibintu bitanu bigize impeta, kugirango ugabanye kugaragara kwimyanda ikarito yumurongo wimyanda, kora ibicuruzwa byiza.
Abantu nibintu byingenzi cyane, ariko kandi nibintu bidahindagurika. Ibice bibiri byibandwaho hano: umwuka witsinda hamwe nubuhanga bwihariye bwo gukora bwumurongo wibicuruzwa bikora neza. Umurongo wogukora amakarito yamakarito ni ikusanyirizo ryamazi, amashanyarazi, hydraulic, gaze, imashini murimwe mumurongo wibyakozwe, birimo imashini imwe, gutanga hejuru yikiraro, uruganda rwa kole, kumisha, gukanda no kwambukiranya nibindi bikorwa byingenzi, ihuza iryo ariryo ryose ubufatanye ntabwo buhari, bizagira ingaruka kumurimo wumurongo wose. Ibi birasaba abashoramari kumurongo wibicuruzwa bigomba kuba bifite ubushishozi bwikipe hamwe numwuka wubufatanye.
Kugeza ubu, ibyinshi mubikorwa byamakarito yikarito yumushinga hamwe nabakozi ba tekiniki bigenda bifatwa buhoro buhoro kandi bigakura mubikorwa byuruganda, kandi bigakorana nuburambe bwumusaruro, kubura ubumenyi bwumwuga bwo gukora no kwiga, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibikoresho ni ntabwo afite ubuhanga buhagije, no kubura guhanura no gukumira ibibazo bishobora guhishwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibigo bigomba kubanza kwita ku mahugurwa y’ubumenyi bw’abakozi bakora amakarito y’amakarito hamwe n’amahugurwa y’ubumenyi bwibanze bw’amasanduku yacometse, kandi akita ku guhinga impano, gushyiraho umuco w’ibigo ufite imiterere yabyo, no gukurura urwego rwo hejuru rwa amakarito yikarito yumurongo wumurongo wa tekiniki. Kugira ngo uruganda rugire ubumwe bukomeye, abakozi bafite imyumvire yo hejuru.
Imikorere ihamye yibikoresho niyo shingiro ryubwishingizi bufite ireme bwikarito. Ni muri urwo rwego, ibigo bigomba gukora ibikorwa bivuye mu buryo bukurikira:
1. Kubungabunga no kurinda ibikoresho nicyo gikorwa cyibanze
Imyanda myinshi ibaho mugihe kidasanzwe cyo guhagarara kumurongo wikarito yikarito, ibyo bikaba bigabanuka kumikorere yumusaruro no kongera ibiciro byumusaruro, kandi kubungabunga no kurinda ibikoresho nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kugabanya igipimo cyo guhagarika.
2. Kubungabunga buri munsi
Niba ibikoresho bishobora gukora mubisanzwe biterwa ahanini nuburyo ibikorwa byo kubungabunga buri munsi bishobora gukomeza, ihame rusange ryo gufata neza ibikoresho ni: ryoroshye kandi ryinshi, risukuye kandi ryuzuye, ryitondewe kandi ryitondewe.
Umurongo wibicuruzwa byangiritse ufite ibice byinshi byoroshye, ukurikije ikoreshwa ryibintu bitandukanye byoroha, birashobora kugabanywamo ibice byoroheje byamavuta no gusiga ibice byoroshye, ibice bitandukanye byoroshye bigomba gukoreshwa cyane muburyo bwo guhuza ibintu, kandi kugirango ibice byoroshye byuzure neza. Niba icyuma gikonjesha, ubushyuhe bwikigereranyo buri hejuru, birakenewe gukoresha cyane ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwamavuta meza.
Igikorwa cyo gusukura ibikoresho nacyo kigira uruhare runini mugikorwa cyo kubungabunga, gifitanye isano rya bugufi n’imiterere y’ibikoresho, kandi ikintu cya mbere ntigomba kuba umukungugu cyangwa imyanda, kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka z’umukungugu n’imyanda kwihuta. kwambara ndetse no kwangiza ibice.
3. Gusana ibikorwa
Igice cyibikoresho kigomba gutegura gahunda zihariye zo gusana no kugishyira mubikorwa ukurikije ibibazo byatanzwe mugikorwa cyibikorwa kugirango ibikoresho bigende neza.
4. Gucunga ibikoresho byambaye ibice
Gukurikirana igihe nyacyo birakenewe cyane mugucunga ibikoresho byambaye ibice. Ibigo bigomba gushyiraho ibikoresho byambaye ibice ukoresheje konti yo gukurikirana, kugenzura igihe nyacyo, gusesengura, kumenya impamvu zo kwambara ibice byihuse, gutegura ingamba zo guhangana, birashobora gutegurwa hakiri kare, kugirango birinde kwangirika kw ibice byatewe no kutagira gahunda ihagarikwa.
Mubihe bisanzwe, imiyoborere yo kwambara ibice igomba gufata inzira ebyiri zikurikira: imwe ni uguhindura ibikoresho fatizo nuburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibice byambaye ubwabyo, kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kongera ubuzima bwa serivisi; Iya kabiri ni ukuyikoresha muburyo bukwiye bwo gusaba kugabanya ibyangiritse bitari ngombwa biterwa nibintu byabantu nibidukikije.
5. Witondere kuvugurura ibice byingenzi byibikoresho
Mu myaka yashize, guhanga tekinike yumurongo wikarito yamakarito yagaragaye mumigezi itagira iherezo, kandi ibintu bishya bya tekinike byatumye ibigo bitangira kuvugurura no guhindura ibice byingenzi bigize ibikoresho byerekana amakarito.
6. Sisitemu yo gucunga umusaruro
Gukoresha uburyo bwo gucunga neza imiyoboro yumurongo wibicuruzwa kugirango ugenzure ibiciro byumusaruro, birashobora kubara neza neza umusaruro wumusaruro wibicuruzwa byangiritse, kurangiza umurongo wose wibikorwa byihuta. Mubisanzwe, igipimo cyimyanda yikarito yikarito irashobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 5%, kandi ingano ya krahisi nayo iragabanuka cyane.
Feed Impapuro zikora
Hitamo impapuro zikora kugirango zandike impapuro kugirango wirinde imyanda idakenewe mugihe cyo gutera impapuro, kugabanya ihagarikwa ryumurongo wibicuruzwa byangiritse hamwe nibibazo byubwiza, kandi urebe ko umuvuduko uhamye kandi mwinshi mwinshi hamwe namakarito maremare yumurongo wose wibyakozwe.
Ung Tungsten karbide yamashanyarazi
Uruziga rukonjesha, nkumutima wimashini imwe rukumbi, igira uruhare rukomeye kumiterere yibibaho byangiritse kandi bigira ingaruka itaziguye mubikorwa byubukungu n’umusaruro w’inka. Tungsten karbide yamashanyarazi ninzira idasanzwe ikoresha tekinoroji yo gutera amashyanyarazi kugirango ishonge kandi itere ifu ya tungsten carbide alloy ifu hejuru yinyo yinyo kugirango ikore tungsten karbide, ikaba ikubye inshuro 3-6 kurenza ubuzima rusange bwa roller. Mubuzima bwose bwakazi bwuruziga, uburebure bwarwo bwahinduwe hafi ya byose bidahindutse, bituma ubwiza buhoraho bwikibaho gikonjesha, kugabanya umubare wimpapuro zifatanije hamwe na kole ya kole ku gipimo cya 2% kugeza kuri 8%, kandi bikagabanya kugaragara kwimyanda.
Ongera wandike imashini ihuza imashini
Imashini ihuza imashini ikozwe muburyo bwinshi bwo kwihanganira isahani igoramye hamwe no guhuza amasoko, ubworoherane bwimpeshyi burigihe butuma isahani yagoramye ihuza neza na roller, nubwo icyuma cya paste cyambarwa kandi cyihebye, isahani yisoko nayo izaba wihebye, burigihe ureke impapuro zifatizo zifatanije neza neza. Byongeye kandi, amasoko afite uburinganire buringaniye azahindura byimazeyo hamwe na convex ukurikije ubunini bwimpapuro zifatizo hamwe nimpinduka yimiterere, kuburyo uburebure bwikariso bwimpapuro zifatika mugihe winjiye mumashini yometse hamwe n'uburebure bwa ruswa ya mashini yomeka nyuma yimashini yometseho kugirango idahinduka, irashobora kugenzura ingano ya kole kandi ikazamura cyane ubwiza bwikarito.
Plate Isahani ishyushye igice cyo guhuza
Isahani ishyushye isahani ikoreshwa mugusimbuza uburyo bwa rukuruzi ya rukuruzi yo guhuza ubushyuhe. Ikozwe mu buryo bwihariye bwakozwe ku rupapuro rwibikoresho bidashobora kwambara, buri rubaho rwurupapuro rufite ibikoresho byuzuye byoroshye, kugirango buri rupapuro rushobora gukora ku isahani ishyushye, kongera ubushuhe bwikarito, kunoza imikorere yo kohereza ubushyuhe, hanyuma uzamure umuvuduko, urebe neza imiterere yabuze, wongere imbaraga zurubaho kandi wongere umubyimba wibibaho, ikarito ntisuzugura, ntishobora kubyimba, ikwiranye neza, Igabanuka ryibipimo.
Sisitemu ikora neza
Gukora paste ni inzira ihindagurika cyane mubikorwa byose kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yimpapuro. Inzira ya paste gakondo ni imwe, kandi kuzuza biroroshye kuba bidahwitse bitewe nibintu byabantu, bigatuma ubwiza bufatika budahinduka. Sisitemu ikora ya paste ikora ni synthesis isanzwe ihuza ikoranabuhanga, imashini no kugenzura neza. Irashobora gutunganya imikorere ya formula, amakuru yamateka, amakuru nyayo-nyayo, imikorere yo kugenzura imbaraga hamwe na man-mashini ibiganiro muri sisitemu yo gukora paste. Gukora paste ubuziranenge birahamye kandi bigenzurwa, bishobora gutuma imikorere yumurongo utanga umusaruro, igabanya ibintu byabantu, kandi igakemura byimazeyo ibibazo byubuziranenge nkikarito ifuro, ikorera mu mucyo kandi yoroshye. Mugabanye igipimo cyakuweho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-15-2023